2024大运河主题旅游海外推广季丨河南 洛阳介绍

最早的中国——洛阳

Luoyang —— The Earliest China

如果说在中国，有哪座城可以被称为所有中国人的精神家园，那一定是洛阳。

If there is a Chinese city that can be called the spiritual home of all Chinese, it must be Luoyang.

洛阳位于中国的中心，“中国”的国名即起源于洛阳。

Luoyang is located in the center of China. The name of China originated from this city.

她有着5000多年文明史、4000多年城市史、1500多年建都史。

Luoyang has a civilization of more than 5000 years, a history of more than 4000 years as a city and a history of more than 1500 years as a capital.

洛阳——东方文明的摇篮

Luoyang —— The Cradle of Eastern Civilization

当六七千年前，龙马跃出黄河、身负河图，神龟浮出洛水、背呈洛书时，就奠定了洛阳作为中国人精神家园的地位。河图洛书及其传说对中国乃至世界文化的发展产生了深远影响，中国传统哲学、政治学、军事学、伦理学、医学、美学、天文学等无不根植于它的土壤中。被称为“宇宙魔方”的河图洛书开启了华夏文明的第一扇门，成为中华民族原始文明的总源头。2014年12月，“河图洛书”传说被正式列入中国国家非物质文化遗产名录。

Six to seven millennia ago, when the Dragon Horse revealed the He Tu from the Yellow River and the magical turtle emerged from the Luo River with the Luo Shu pattern on its shell, Luoyang was firmly rooted in the Chinese collective consciousness as the spiritual home. The impact of the He Tu and the Luo Shu Square and their legends on Chinese and world culture is far-reaching and profound. Traditional Chinese philosophy, politics, military science,ethics, medicine, aesthetics and astronomy all derived from these diagrams, which are called the “Cosmic Rubik's Cube”. They are the key to the Huaxia civilization and the fountainhead of primordial Chinese civilization. In December 2014, the He Tu and the Luo Shu Square became Chinese National Intangible Cultural Heritage.

洛阳，奠定中国典章制度基石的“东周礼乐”诞生于此，道家初创于此，儒学渊源于此，佛学首传于此，理学根植于此，中国古代传授儒家经典的万人“国立中央大学”——洛阳太学授业于此，无数文豪更是在此挥毫泼墨、抒发情怀，留下了千古名作，造纸术、地动仪、浑天仪等许多重大历史发明也都诞生于此，号称中国古代“国考”的科举制度也是在洛阳向天下百姓发出了英雄帖，就连当时人们说的普通话也是以洛阳话为标准音的中原雅言……洛阳，将大到治国理念、小到处世哲学的种子种在了每个中国人的心里。

Dan, Duke of Zhou established the Rites of Zhou, and created the Yayue of Chinese classical music in Luoyang. Taoism was created in Luoyang. Confucianism originated from Luoyang. Buddhism was first introduced to China in Luoyang. Neo-Confucianism was rooted in Luoyang. The first “National Central University”, Luoyang Imperial Academy instructed Confucian teachings in Luoyang. Countless men of letters composed timeless masterpieces in Luoyang. Many crucial inventions like paper, seismograph and armillary sphere were born in Luoyang. The imperial examination first invited ordinary people to prove themselves and join the elite ranks in Luoyang. Even the standard speech at the time, the Central Plains Mandarin, was based on Luoyang dialect. Luoyang is embedded in the mind of every Chinese with its legacies from governance philosophies to everyday wisdom.

华夏，因洛阳而四海同春；洛阳，因华夏文明而一枝独秀。

The Huaxia civilization developed in Luoyang. Luoyang thrives as the cradle of Huaxia civilization.

洛阳——中国王朝的开端

Luoyang——Discover the Beginnings of Chinese dynasty

邙山脚下、洛河河畔，是中国建都最早、朝代最多、历史最长、跨度最大的都城——洛阳。

At the foot of Mangshan Mountain and by the Luo River sits Luoyang, the earliest Chinese capital of the greatest number of dynasties for the longest time and span.

自夏至唐近3000年的中华文明史和半部华夏史就浓缩在这东西不足100千米的洛河河畔。若不是心宽似海，怎能如此胸怀天下？！

3000 years of Chinese history from Xia dynasty to Tang dynasty, more than half of the history of Huaxia civilization, can be glimpsed by the River Luo which flows in the east-west direction and measures less than 100 km.

历史画卷的第一页是二里头遗址。该遗址创下的无数个中国之最，足以让我们对二里头遗址博物馆翘首以待。距今3800～3500年，这里发现了中国最早的宫城——最早的“紫禁城”、中国最早的“井”字形大道即城市主干道网、中国最早的中轴线布局的宫室建筑群、中国最早的车辙、中国最早的官营手工作坊区、中国最早的铸铜作坊和绿松石器制造作坊，以及中国最早的青铜礼器群……这么多中国之最，足以让洛阳由一座城变成一个精神符号。

The first chapter is the Erlitou Site with many China’s “firsts”. The Erlitou Site Museum keeps us anticipating. 3500-3800 years from now, The site revealed the earliest “Forbidden City”, namely the earliest Chinese palatial town, the earliest Chinese urban grid plan, the earliest Chinese palatial complex with central axis layout, the earliest Chinese wagon track, the earliest Chinese official craft workshops, the earliest Chinese bronze foundries and calaite wares workshops as well as the earliest Chinese bronze ritual vessels...the number of “firsts” is enough to make Luoyang a spiritual symbol.

距二里头遗址仅6千米的，是偃师商城遗址。它是中国目前发现的最早的具有真正规模的城址。联合国教科文组织将偃师商城遗址的发现列为1983年世界十七大发现之一，国外学者将该遗址的发现与19世纪德国考古学家谢里曼在小亚细亚发现的著名的特洛伊古城相提并论。

Only 6km from the Erlitou Site is the Yanshi Shangcheng Site, so far the earliest city site in the technical sense. UNESCO listed the discovery of Yanshi Shang City Site as one of the 17 Great Discoveries in the World in 1983.Foreign scholars compared this finding with German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann’s famous discovery of Troy in Asia Minor.

坐火车行至洛阳，你一定想不到，此时的你，离东周25位天子居住过的王城仅一步之遥。洛阳火车站附近，就是东周王城城墙的一个角。东周的500年光阴就是在这里度过，洛河水见证了王之城的兴起与没落。如果这样的遇见你觉得还不过瘾的话，不妨到王城公园抚今追昔，或是到天子驾六博物馆一睹周天子出行车马仪仗的真容。

When setting to Luoyang by a train, you might find it unimaginable that you are so close to a city inhabited by 25 kings of Eastern Zhou. A corner of the Eastern Zhou King City’s wall can be found near the Luoyang Railway Station. Eastern Zhou lasted five centuries here. The Luo River witnessed the rise and fall of the king’s city. If you want more such nostalgic encounters, visit the King City Park or glimpse the spectacle of the pomp and fanfare when kings of Zhou went outside their palace at the King Carriage Museum.

洛阳——中国唯一女皇的都城

Luoyang——The Capital of Only Female Emperor in China

精彩的大戏还在后头。在五都荟洛中，有一个古都，整座都城遗址都是世界文化遗产，它就是汉魏故城遗址。这座城是公元1至6世纪中国七代王朝的都城，前后延续使用近1600年，是目前中国国内保存最完整、面积最大的都城遗址，比拜占庭帝国首都君士坦丁堡整整大出9倍。

The more exciting is yet to come. Among the Five Capitals, a site is a World Cultural Heritage onto itself. That is the Site of Han and Wei Dynasties, which used to serve as capital for seven dynasties from the 1st century AD to the 6th century AD which lasted close to 1600 years. It is by far the best preserved and largest capital ruins in China, about 9 times the size of Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire.

隋唐洛阳城是当时闻名于世的国际大都市，是中国唯一的女皇武则天的都城，是隋、唐两代的都城，也是丝绸之路的东方起点和隋唐大运河的中心。其中，隋唐洛阳城定鼎门是隋唐时期帝国都城的主入口，它作为丝绸之路申遗最东端的遗址，被列入世界文化遗产。

The Site of Sui and Tang Dynasties was an international hub of world renown. It was the capital of Wu Zetian, China's only empress. It was the capital of Sui and Tang dynasties, and the eastern end of the Silk Road and the center of the Sui and Tang Grand Canal. The Dingding Gate of the site was the main entrance of the capital of the empire in Sui and Tang dynasties. It became a World Cultural Heritage as the easternmost end of the Silk Road.

若要尽览华夏史，请君试看洛阳城！

You cannot grasp the quintessence of Huaxia history without a visit to Luoyang.

洛阳——丝绸之路的起点

Luoyang——The Silk Road Beginning

一条丝路，沟通东西；一条运河，连通南北。两条开放之路，让世界互联互通起来。

The Grand Canal connects South China with North China; the Silk Road bridges the East and the West. Two doors were thrown open to make the big world a smaller and more intimate place.

汉魏故城是著名的“丝绸之路”的东方起点之一。东汉明帝时，大臣班超打通了荒废已久的丝绸之路，使之成为一条流动的经济长廊和文化长廊。公元166年，罗马帝国派使者到东汉首都洛阳，这是历史上罗马和中国的首次交往，丝绸之路最东端和最西端的两种文明第一次将手紧紧握在了一起。真可谓无丝路，不联通。互联互通让丝路沿线的城市繁荣起来，这才有了唐朝诗人张九龄笔下的“三年一上计，万国趋河洛。”

The Site of Han and Wei Dynasties was one of the Eastern starting points of the famous Silk Road. During the times of Emperor Ming of Eastern Han, the Silk Road, which had been deserted for a long time, was redeveloped and turned into a dynamic economic and cultural corridor. In 166 AD, the Roman Empire sent envoys to Luoyang, then capital of Eastern Han, which marked the first contact of Rome and China in history. For the first time the hands of the easternmost end and the westernmost end of the Silk Road joined firmly together. Without the Silk Road, such connection would be impossible. Cities along the Silk Road thrived on such connections and communications. Hence the line “A multitude of countries thronged the Yellow River and Luo River region” by Tang poet Zhang Jiuling.

洛阳——大运河的中心

Luoyang——The Center of the Grand Canal

洛阳是隋唐大运河的中心，穿城而过的洛河，就是一段活着的运河，承载着生生不息的大运河文化。隋唐大运河全长近5000千米，跨越地球10多个纬度，纵贯在中国最富饶的华北平原和东南沿海上。

Luoyang was the center of the Sui and Tang Grand Canal. The Luo River flowing through the city remains alive, paying testimony to the halcyon days of the Grand Canal. The Sui and Tang Grand Canal is close to 5000 km, crossing more than 10 latitudes. It runs over the most prosperous North China Plain and the Southeast coast, according the magnificent and mighty political center a geographical edge: access to as far-away places as the Southeast Asia.

2014年，丝绸之路、大运河双双成为世界文化遗产。

In 2014, both the Silk Road and the Grand Canal were inscribed on the World Heritage list.

洛阳——中国佛教和功夫的源头

Luoyang——The Source of Chinese Kung Fu

公元68年，当西方的罗马帝国为争夺王位打得不可开交的时候，中国的中心——洛阳从国外取经迎来了佛教。为纪念白马驮经，特建寺院，取名“白马寺”。白马寺吸引中外佛学研究者在此讲经译著，在从公元68年以后的150多年时间里，有192部佛经在这里译出，平均每年诞生1部还多。这样的研究成果，不负白马寺中国佛教发祥地之盛名。白马寺自建成之日起虽几经毁建，但原址未动分毫，汉时的台、宋时的马、元时的罗汉、明时的碑……在一寺之间，看尽1900多年的中国史。

In 68 AD, when the Roman Empire was in the throes of civil war, the center of China Luoyang introduced Buddhism from abroad. Emperor Ming of Han built a temple and named it the White Horse Temple as an appreciation of the white horses that had carried Buddhist scriptures. Many Chinese and foreign monks resided at the temple, explicated the Buddhist scriptures and translated them into the Chinese language. Over 150 years from 68 AD, 192 Buddhist scriptures were translated at a rate of over a scripture a year. This academic bonanza did measure up to the temple’s status as the cradle of Chinese Buddhism.

洛阳是开放的，也是包容的。

Luoyang is open-minded and inclusive too.

包容的洛阳迎来了少数民族政权——北魏。北魏把对中原文化的崇拜变成了世界文化遗产——龙门石窟。数千个窟龛、十万余尊佛像，每一尊都有一个面孔，他们或是中原人，或是鲜卑人，或是大鼻子的外国人……在长达400多年的建造过程中，不同的文化融合在一尊尊佛像中，成就了一个独一无二的洛阳城。

The inclusive city welcomed a non-Han regime, Northern Wei, which built the Longmen Grottoes, a World Cultural Heritage Site encompassing thousands of niches and hundreds of thousands of Buddha statues which can look like the Han Chinese, Xianbei or foreign people...During over four centuries of construction, the fusion of various cultures reflected on the statues.

千年古都洛阳，是当时佛教传播的中心，少林寺是世界闻名的禅宗和少林功夫的发源地，它吸引了世界各地的武术爱好者。

Luoyang, the ancient capital, for spreading Buddhism at that period. Shaolin Temple is globally renowned as the birthplace for Chan Buddhism and Shaolin Kungfu. It attracts martial arts enthusiasts from around the world.

汇八方之力，做天下文章，洛阳自有其亘古从容的气度。

With unfailing generosity, Luoyang has made the world a smaller place, both geographically and culturally.

洛阳——牡丹花城

Luoyang——The National Flower Peony City

走进洛阳，你就会徜徉在国色天香、万紫千红的锦绣花海。洛阳地脉花最宜，牡丹尤为天下奇。洛阳牡丹始植于隋，盛于唐，甲天下于宋，雍容华贵，国色天香，已有1500多年的栽培史，形成了9大色系、10种花型、1200多个品种。自1983年以来，中国洛阳牡丹文化节已连续成功举办了36届，成为蜚声中外的国家级文化盛会，跻身全国四大名会之一，入选国家非物质文化遗产名录，成为洛阳最靓丽的城市名片，洛阳也因此被命名为“中国牡丹花都”。

When you come to Luoyang, you will be wandering in the beautiful and colorful flower sea. Known as national beauty and heavenly fragrance. Luoyang has peony in Sui dynasty, and has been in full flourish since Tang Dynasty, and be famous in Song dynasty. It has been planted for nearly 1,500 years in Luoyang, now it has been formed 9 colors series, 10 kinds of designs and more than 1200 varieties. Every year in April, the flowers are blooming and fragrant. Since 1983, China Luoyang Peony Culture Festival has been held successfully for 36 years, and has become a renowned Chinese and foreign national cultural event, and it is one of the four most famous activites in China. The peony is the name card of Luoyang that has been in the national non-material cultural heritage list, the city of Luoyang has been named the "Chinese Peony City".

洛阳——风景名城

Luoyang——The Famous Landscape City

如果说，在华夏大地，有哪座城从骨子里就很诗情画意的话，那一定是洛阳。

Luoyang is a city born to be poetic and picturesque.

洛阳是诗词之城，古诗词里的绝美洛阳，每一句都惊艳到极致。

It is a city incarnated beautifully in countless poems and ci-poems.

洛阳是武乐之城，一曲《兰陵王入阵曲》，就是邙山战役的命运交响曲。

It is a city of martial music：the“Lanling Wang Proceeding to Battlefield”is the Symphony of Fate of the Battle of Mangshan.

洛阳是字画之城，龙门二十品，字里有乾坤。

It is a city of painting and calligraphy: the twenty calligraphy works in the Longmen Grottoes demonstrated stunning virtuosity.

洛阳是风景名城，在黄河和洛河之间，四面环山，有嵩山、太行山，伏牛山，这里的山水如画卷。

It is a city of famous landscape：standing between the Yellow River and the Luo River, Luoyang is surrounded by mountains, the Song Mountain, the Taihang Mountain. It is a good place.

洛阳是文化之城，仅一个水席背后，就可以吃出一个博物馆。

It is a city of culinary culture, with a whole museum dedicated to the local tradition of soup dish feast.