助力特需青年圆梦职场：新加坡推出多项包容性支持政策

2025年1月8日，新加坡教育部长陈振声在国会书面答复官委议员徐锦莉关于高等教育机构中具有特殊教育需求的青年人数及其实习情况。

以下内容为新加坡眼根据国会英文资料翻译整理：

徐锦莉（官委议员）询问教育部长：

(a) 自2018年以来，有多少特需（SEN）青年正在接受或已完成高等教育？

(b) 其中，有多少人正在或已完成实习，并随后进入与其所学领域相关的工作岗位？

(c) 已经或将要推出哪些举措来：(i) 鼓励雇主为这些青年提供实习机会，以及(ii) 教育、指导和支持雇主创建包容性工作环境，并设计适合不同技能水平的工作岗位？

陈振声（教育部长）：特需学生（SEN）可以选择进入主流学校或特殊教育（SPED）学校就读。在特需教育学校中，部分学生学习经过支持的国家课程，另一部分则受益于定制的特需教育课程。

对于学习国家课程的特需学生，教育部（MOE）致力于让尽可能多的学生升入中学后教育机构（PSEIs）。

主流学校的中学生及更高年级学生有教育和职业指导顾问，帮助他们做出关于教育和职业规划的明智决策。对于有额外需求的学生，教师和学校工作人员（如SEN官员）会提供进一步的指导和支持。

特殊教育学校的学生在过渡到中学后教育机构时也会获得支持。学校与学生及其家庭密切合作，为每位特殊教育学生制定个性化过渡计划，以实现他们毕业后的目标。

目前，我们约有7,000名报告有特需学生在高等教育学府（IHLs）就读。

对于有实习要求的高等教育课程，特需学生也需要参与其中。SG Enable高等教育实习计划帮助将残疾学生与各行业的包容性组织进行匹配。许多高等教育学府为可能难以获得外部实习机会的学生提供校内实习机会。此外，还提供实习前的就业研讨会和职位匹配计划，以帮助特需学生从高等教育学府顺利过渡到职场。无论学生的特殊需求状况如何，我们都鼓励他们进行自我倡导，在必要时表达自己的需求并请求工作场所的合理调整。

对于在特殊教育学校学习定制课程并展现出就业潜力的学生，教育部还与SG Enable合作，通过“从学校到工作过渡计划”等项目提供就业支持。教育部还加强了特殊教育职业教育课程，强调有意识地教授软技能和提供更结构化的职业指导。符合条件的学生还可以在特殊教育学校（如Metta School和Delta Senior School）参加选定的工艺教育学院技能证书课程和劳动力技能资格课程。此外，SG Enable通过“开放门户计划”提供激励措施（如补助金），帮助雇主为残疾学生重新设计工作岗位。

我们鼓励更多雇主加入全社会的努力，采取包容性思维，使更多具有特殊教育需求的新加坡青年能够进入职场并取得成功。通过一些调整和更多的理解，雇主可以从特需学生为工作团队带来的价值中受益。

以下是英文质询内容：

Ms See Jinli Jeanasked the Minister for Education (a) since 2018, how many youths with special educational needs have undergone or are undergoing tertiary education; (b) of which, how many have undergone or are undergoing internships and have subsequently entered jobs in their fields of study; and (c) what initiatives have been or will be introduced to (i) encourage employers to offer internships to these youths and (ii) educate, guide and support employers in creating inclusive work environments and jobs that are calibrated to accommodate different skill levels.

Mr Chan Chun Sing:Students with special educational needs (SEN) are enrolled in either mainstream or Special Education (SPED) schools. For students in SPED schools, some learn the national curriculum with support and others benefit from a customised SPED curriculum.

For students with SEN learning the national curriculum, the Ministry of Education (MOE) strives to have as many of them progress to post-secondary education institutions (PSEIs) as possible.

Secondary and older students in mainstream schools have Education and Career Guidance Counsellors to guide them in making informed decisions about their education and career plans. Students with additional needs will receive further guidance and support from teachers and school personnel, such as SEN officers.

Students in SPED schools also receive support in transitioning to PSEIs. Schools work closely with students and their families to develop an Individual Transition Plan for each SPED student, to realise their post-school goals.

Presently, we have approximately 7,000 students with reported SEN enrolled across the Institutes of Higher Learning (IHLs).

For IHL courses that have internship requirements, students with SEN are expected to participate in them. The SG Enable IHL Internship Programme assists in matching students with disabilities to inclusive organisations in various sectors. Many of our IHLs provide internship opportunities on campus for students who may face greater difficulties securing external internships.Pre-internship, employment workshops and job matching programmes are also provided to help manage the transition of students with SEN from IHLs to the workplace. All students, regardless of their SEN condition, are encouraged to exercise self-advocacy to communicate their needs and request job accommodations at the workplace, if needed.

For students who offer a customised curriculum in SPED and demonstrate potential for employment, MOE also partners with SG Enable on employment support through programmes, such as the School-To-Work Transition Programme. MOE has also enhanced the SPED Vocational Education curriculum to emphasise the intentional teaching of soft skills and more structured vocational guidance. Eligible students can also enrol in selected Institute of Technical Education Skills Certificate programmes and Workforce Skills Qualifications courses in SPED schools, such as Metta School and Delta Senior School. In addition, SG Enable provides incentives, such as grants, from the Open Door Programme to help employers redesign jobs for students with disabilities.

We encourage more employers to be part of our whole-of-society effort and adopt an inclusive mindset to enable more young Singaporeans with SEN to enter and thrive in our workforce. With some adjustment and greater understanding, employers can benefit from the value that students with SEN bring to their work teams.